raw · papers · ingested 2026-07-02
Evaluation of Low-Pressure Flooded Evaporator Performance for Adsorption Chillers (Thimmaiah, Bahrami et al., Energy 2017)
confidence: high
Source: Thimmaiah, Sharafian, Rouhani, Huttema, Bahrami, Energy 122 (2017), SFU. Peer-reviewed, full PDF. Credibility: High — exact specs + measured numbers.
Key points
- Pressure regime: 0.76–2.34 kPa to evaporate 3–20 °C (1.22 kPa → boils at 10 °C).
- Hydrostatic pitfall: P = Pvap + ρgH; 20 cm depth adds 3.2 kPa → local Tsat 25 °C → no cooling. Keep the pool shallow.
- Buildable design: 12 finned copper tubes (1/2” OD, 26 fpi, 1.5 mm fins) in a shallow pool, vessel 38.1×11.4 cm; chilled water pumped through the bores, refrigerant evaporates off the fins.
- Charge rule: H* = 0.8 (refrigerant height = 80% of tube diameter). Higher → hydrostatic penalty; lower → capillary fails to wet fins.
- Measured: 135→440 W cooling (chilled inlet 5→20 °C); U 790→1670 W/m²K; 73% of resistance is convective (tube surface matters, not wall).
- Enhancements: twisted-tape +12%, Z-turbulators +58%, porous-copper coating U×1.4/SCP+48%.
- Degas the water (evacuate) to remove non-condensables or performance collapses.
- Table 1 = 9 buildable LP evaporators (flooded/falling-film/capillary) with U values.